Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid, is a powerful and highly corrosive acid. It is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) and is a vital component of gastric acid in the digestive systems of humans and other animals. This colorless liquid is known for its pungent smell and is a crucial chemical for both industrial and laboratory use.
key properties
- Common Name: Muriatic Acid
- Chemical Name: Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
- Appearance: A clear, colorless liquid with a strong, pungent odour.
Applications
- Production: A key reagent in the manufacturing of organic and inorganic compounds like vinyl chloride for PVC and water treatment chemicals such as iron(III) chloride.
- Cleaning: Effectively used for removing metal stains, cleaning swimming pools, and purifying table salt.
- Other Uses: Utilised in the tanning of leather, in the production of electric batteries, and as a disinfectant.
Safety Precautions
- Highly Corrosive: Causes severe burns upon contact with skin and eyes. Always wear personal protective equipment (PPE), including a chemical-resistant apron, gloves, and chemical splash goggles.
- Toxic if Inhaled: Concentrated hydrochloric acid fumes are toxic. Always handle in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood to avoid respiratory irritation.
- Storage: Store in a dedicated area with proper ventilation, away from heat and incompatible materials. It is recommended to keep it in unbreakable or PVC-coated bottles.
- Emergency: In case of skin or eye exposure, immediately flush the affected area with water for 15-20 minutes and seek medical attention. Remove all soaked clothing immediately.